The efficacy of microbial-based biostimulants depends on the beneficial microbes' capacity to colonize roots. Interactions between Bacillus and plants are mediated by diverse metabolites, forming chemical signals that promote both plant growth and defense mechanisms. Plants synthesize signaling molecules such as organic acids, flavonoids, amino acids, and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) present in the root exudates. Bacillus spp. are known to produce a wide range of chemical compounds that act as signal molecules in the rhizosphere and are involved in the modulation of interaction networks, including: - amino acids - volatile organic compounds - VOCs (such as 2,3 butanediol), - lipopeptides (such as surfactin), - AHL lactonase, - phytohormones. Some of the phytohormones known to be produced and released by Bacillus spp. include indole acetic acid (IAA), cytokinins (CKs), gibberellins (GAs), and abscisic acid (ABA). To mitigate biotic and abiotic stresses, Bacillus bacteria generate cyclic lipopeptides that trigger pathways controlled by jasmonic acid and ethylene, consequently inducing systemic resistance (ISR).

Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is the exchange of genetic information between microorganisms, a process that can include the spread of antibiotic-resistance genes among bacteria. Exchange of mobile genetic elements (including PLASMIDS - small circular, double-stranded DNA molecules in bacteria) generally contributes to the plasticity of bacterial genomes, allowing them to rapidly adapt to changing environments, acquire new traits, and evolve over time. Plasmid-transferring bacteria are capable of transferring genetic material (when in competent stage), specifically plasmids, to other bacteria, facilitating the exchange of genetic information. Bacillus, a genus of bacteria, is generally considered a safe group as it does not actively exchange DNA with other bacteria through plasmid transfer, as they do not reach a competent state This characteristic makes Bacillus strains a suitable choice for various applications, including animal feed, plant growth enhancers, probiotics, and water treatment.

Salmonella is a dangerous pathogen in animals and humans, causing:  - vomiting  - diarrhea  - inappetence  - abdominal pain  The use of low-level antimicrobials as antibiotic growth promoters can lead to:  - antibiotic resistance,  - antibiotic residues,  - arsenic environmental contamination An in-feed probiotic use (as well as in the form of spray application) may offer a feasible alternative to antibiotics, as it can decrease Salmonella colonisation in commercial turkeys and increase body weight gain.  A study was conducted on four strains of Bacillus to evaluate their effectiveness as a commercial microbial in the brooding phase of commercial turkey production.  Benefits of including Bacillus in feed in the turkey brooding houses include:  - Gaining body weight  - Reduce the harmful effects of Salmonella on animals and humans  - Easily incorporated into feeds - Germination occurs in the gastrointestinal tract of poultry  - Establishes a small but beneficial population within the normal microflora of poultry  Bacillus effectively reduces Salmonella colonisation in commercial farm animals, providing a safer environment for animals and consumers without contributing to antibiotic resistance.

White button mushrooms are among the most widely cultivated mushrooms in the world. Like other mushrooms, they enrich the human diet and contribute to balanced nutrition by: - Providing antioxidants and vitamin B to support the immune and nervous systems, - Maintaining essential minerals, such as iron, phosphor, copper, potassium and selenium. - Supporting the digestive system thanks to the presence of fiber. The mushroom production industry faces a significant risk of farm contamination from bacteria, viruses, fungi, and nematodes. Some of the most harmful microorganisms in the industry are fungi of the Trichoderma and Cladobotryum species that form green and white mold, which: - Colonizes compost and inhibits mushroom growth, - Covers the fruiting bodies with green mould, making them incapable of being eaten, - Destroys the mycelium, - Start the process of fruiting bodies rotting. Bacillus subtilis is a bacterium that acts antagonistically to disease-spreading fungi in the mushroom farming industry. Antagonism involves the production of secondary metabolites that counteract the proliferation and spread of problematic microorganisms. The application of properly selected Bacillus strains can contribute to a significant reduction of the infestation rate by green and white mold on fruiting bodies. Bacillus subtilis is a healthier, cheaper, and easier alternative to the use of fungicides.

Phytoparasitic nematodes can cause heavy losses in the agricultural, forestry, and ornamental plant production industries. At the same time, they have several adaptations for a parasitic lifestyle: - Some nematode species can form cysts - They feed on many species of plants - They penetrate the plant most often through the roots- deferring human notice - Create an invasion pathway for pathogenic bacteria and fungi Losses due to nematode feeding can be as much as 12-25% of the total crop grown. Bacillus bacteria are included in the group of bacteria that promote plant growth. They occur naturally in the soil, around the roots, and provide plants: - Resistance to environmental conditions - More efficient binding of chemical elements - Increased biomass - Convenient conditions for seed germination Certain bacteria of this genus show antagonism to pathogenic and parasitic organisms. They produce and secrete: - Volatile organic compounds - Lytic enzymes - Hydrogen cyanide The application of selected Bacillus species can significantly reduce parasite populations at higher rates than other pesticide replacements. These findings highlight the efficacy of Bacillus bacteria against nematode species like M. incognita and M. javanica, offering an environmentally friendly, crop-beneficial, user-friendly, and cost-effective pest management solution.

Throughout its life cycle, the plant faces adversity from biotic stresses, such as the presence of herbivores and parasites, as well as abiotic stresses, such as high temperatures, which are increasingly afflicting plants through climate change.  Heat stress is a serious factor in reducing crop yields by blocking various processes, such as:  - Water uptake and translocation capacity,  - Nutrient absorption,  - Biosynthesis of primary and secondary metabolites,  - Photosynthesis.  In the fight against the effects of heat stress stand microorganisms from extreme environments, called thermophiles.  Thermophilic microorganisms, such as Bacillus, can withstand temperatures exceeding even 50°C and improve the strength and quality of crops and soils through: - Nitrogen fixation,  - Potassium and phosphate solubilization,  - Heavy metal resistance,  - Growth-inducing hormones production,  - Reduction of pathogens.  The addition of thermophiles in the form of bio-fertilizers, bio-inoculants and other preparations increases the percentage of germinated seeds, improves plant growth and lengthens, and deepens their root system while keeping soil components in balance. Research confirms that extremophiles are a low-cost and environmentally safe alternative to artificial fertilizers, in addition, they show amazing abilities in combating environmental stresses such as high temperatures.

Bacillus strains are beneficial microorganisms that are non-pathogenic  and have positive effects within their natural microbiome. The incorporation of metabolically active Bacillus species into cleaning formulations facilitates sustained biodegradation of organic compounds through continuous secretion of extracellular enzymes and biosurfactants, enabling persistent molecular-level decomposition of complex substrates. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, B. clausii, B. coagulans, B. flexus, B. fusiformis, B. licheniformis, B. megaterium, B. mojavensis, B. pumilus, B. subtilis, B. vallismortis, and B. velezensis are recognized as safe Bacillus species on the Qualified Presumption of Safety (QPS) list maintained by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), making them suitable for application across multiple domains including food and feed additives, probiotics, biologicals, as well as crop & soil amendments. Bacillus and their postbiotics, as organic matter, biodegrade over time. Formulations containing selected Bacillus species exhibit broad-spectrum enzymatic activity for biodegradation of organic compounds on diverse surfaces through the secretion of extracellular hydrolases, lipases, and proteases.  The microbial-based products containing Bacillus inocula demonstrate particular efficacy in wastewater treatment applications, including the degradation of complex lipids in grease interceptors and the enhancement of organic matter decomposition in septic systems.

Traditional agricultural inputs have contributed to increased food production, but their overuse has resulted in significant health issues, environmental pollution, and decrease in soil fertility. There are widely used: - chemical fertilizers, - pesticides, - genetically modified organisms, - antibiotics, - growth hormones. In sustainable, organic agriculture, crops provide high-quality, healthy food, and the cultivation method exhibits pro-environmental properties. Our Bacillus strains applications include: - organic farming system, - animal manure, - organic waste, - biological system of nutrient mobilization and plant protection. Our Bacillus strains selection offer many advantages for organic farming. They are occur naturally in the soil, GMOs FREE, safe for humans, animals, and the environment. They stand out for their beneficial effects on crops: - play crucial role in nutrient cycling, - increase stress tolerance in plants, - improve plant growth through the production of phytohormones, - produce antimicrobial metabolites, - biocontrol agent, - increase harvest, - restore and enrich natural soil microbiome. A comprehensive understanding of the functions of Bacillus-based products and the interactions between plants and microorganisms enables farming to reduce their dependence on harmful chemicals and mineral fertilizers. We provide natural solutions to increase crops.

Climate change and the elevated temperatures that follow are adversely affecting the development of heat-sensitive crops, including soybeans. Heat stress reduces field productivity by up to 35%, depending on location, contributing to declining crop yields. High temperatures cause changes in:  - Biochemistry,  - Physiology,  - Molecular processes,  - Morphology.  All of the changes mentioned above lead to a decrease in plant growth, disruption of flowering, and secretion of hormones important for the proper functioning of the plant. In times of stress:  - The amount of abscisic acid (ABA) responsible for the transition of plants into dormancy is increasing,  - Defense hormones such as salicylic acid (SA) are decreasing.  Resistance to heat stress can be increased through the use of endophytic plant growth-promoting bacteria, including those belonging to the genus Bacillus.  Bacillus inoculants can counteract adverse changes through biofilm formation, hormone regulation, and increased nutrient availability in the soil.  A 2020 study on soybeans showed that introducing Bacillus bacteria into the soil allows plants to develop properly despite high temperatures above 40°C. The data confirms that bacterial inoculants are effective against abiotic stresses and are also cheaper and more environmentally friendly than artificial fertilizers.

Nutrition is essential for the proper growth and development of livestock production. Farmers and nutritionists are exploring alternative strategies to antibiotics for maximizing growth performance and improving feed efficiency. Enrichment of poultry feed with probiotics-appropriate strains of the genus Bacillus shows many positive effects:  - reducing chick mortality,  - reducing environmental pollution,  - supporting the functioning of the digestive system,  - strengthening immunity to disease,  - promoting nutrient absorption,  - stimulating animal growth.  In 2019, a study demonstrated the positive impact of Bacillus licheniformis on broiler chicks.   Observed results of feeding poultry with feed enriched with Bacillus licheniformis:  - enhanced growth performance,  - improved bone mineralization - increasing tibia Fe and P content,  - positive impact on gut microbiota through stimulating beneficial bacteria contribution, - suppressing potential pathogens.  Using strains of the genus Bacillus as feed supplements enhances poultry growth and protects against pathogens. This eco-friendly approach enriches the digestive microbiome of livestock while ensuring consumer safety.

The agricultural industry has long used antibiotics to promote muscle mass in livestock. However, this practice increases susceptibility to antibiotic-resistant diseases and is expensive, toxic, and non-renewable. Probiotics are live microorganisms that positively impact host health by: Stimulating the host's microbiota, Supporting the immune system, Enhancing nutrient absorption by unleashing digestive enzymes. Bacillus  species serve as effective probiotics, offering an alternative to antibiotics in animals. They help restore microbiota diversity, improve resistance to pathogens, and enhance overall animal health and growth. Bacillus Subtilis Group produces bioactive secondary metabolites with various properties, including: Anti-ucler Anti-pathogenic Anti-inflammatory Gastroprotective Herbicidal Bacillus metabolites impact the semipermeable cell wall through enzymes that can break down this structure, which is absent in animals, ensuring the probiotics target only foreign organisms like fungi and bacteria. The anti-pathogenic action of Bacillus metabolites also destroys evolutionary appendages such as biofilms, which protect against UV radiation, and colony formation. Using Bacillus, which can survive in aerobic conditions, allows for replacing less effective lactic acid bacteria. Bacillus Subtilis Group is known for biosynthesizing a wide array of natural products and for its natural genetic engineering competence. It is used as a biocontrol agent in agriculture to promote plant growth.

Cocultures are the simultaneous cultivation of two or more microorganisms on the same medium, making it possible to learn about the relationships that ascend between them. Organisms that are part of cocultures can cooperate with each other or put up with each other's actions by producing metabolites that are unfavorable for the other microorganism. A study conducted in 2024 by Biosphertia aimed to assess the impact of specific strains of Bacillus on two fungi, Trichoderma aggressivum and Trichoderma harzianum. Trichoderma species are rhizosphere-inhabiting fungi that attack and parasitize other fungal species contributing to reduced crop efficiency. Trichoderma aggressivum is responsible for the formation of green mold in compost. The study showed the highest consortium activity from a minimum of 2 Bacillus strains, recommended are BSS 00500, and BSS 06936 on Trichoderma aggressive and consortium from minimum 2 strains or 3-4 strains which effective are: BSS 89692, BSS 88692, BSS 86077, BSS 68993, BSS 00500 on Trichoderma harzianum. The interaction of certain Bacillus strains reduces the occurrence of fungi of the genus Trichoderma, making them a good, easy-to-use repressor of the negative effects of T. aggressivum and T. herzianum.